Journey to the centre of the earth (مذكرة هتعمل قلق)

Questions and answers
1- Who was Axel?
He is the narrator of the story. he was a young boy who lived with his uncle professor Lidenbrock when his parents died. He was the assistant of his uncle.
2- What do you know about professor Lidenbrock?
He was a famous scientist and geologist. He knew about the earth more than any other scientist so scientists from all over the world came to learn from him. He gave lectures at the University of Hamburg.
3- What was Martha?
She was the professor’s cook.
4- Why couldn’t the professor understand the message in the parchment?
Because the letters were mixed up. The parchment was written in a secret code.
5- What did the professor find in the old book?
He found a parchment.
6- Who was Arne Saknussemm?
He was a famous Icelandic scientist of the sixteenth century. He was the owner of the book and writer of the parchment. He went to the centre of the earth. He wrote about his journey in the parchment.
7- Why was Martha worried when the professor came home early?
Because his dinner wasn’t ready yet.
8- What are runes?
The letters of the old Icelandic alphabet.
9- When did Axel come to live with his uncle?
When his parents died.
10- Why did the professor use a magnifying glass?
To make the letters bigger.
11- How old was the book that the professor found?
It was more than six hundred years old.

12- Who was Snorri Sturlasson?
He was a famous Icelandic scientist of the 12th century. He was the writer of the old book which (that) the professor found.
13- What did the professor decide not to do when he couldn’t understand the message on the parchment?
He decided not to eat or sleep until he had discovered the secret.
14- Why did Arne Saknussemm write his message in a secret code?
Because he wanted to keep it secret.
15- Why did the professor think that the parchment was written by someone who owned the book?
Because he noticed that the writing of the parchment was later than the writing of the book. The handwriting wasn't the same.
16- Why did the professor at first think that the parchment was written in runes?
Because the book is an Icelandic book.
17- Why did the professor at last think that the writing on the parchment was Latin?
When he saw the name of Arne Saknussemm who was a famous scientist in the 16th century and the scientists of the 16th century used to write about their discoveries in Latin.
18- How did the professor know that Arne Saknussemm wrote the parchment?
When he used the magnifying glass. He could see his name.
19 - Why did scientists from all over the world come to Lidenbrock?
To learn from him because he knew about the earth more than any other scientist.
20- What was Axel proud of?
He was proud to be the professor's assistant.
21- Why was Axel proud to be his uncle’s assistant?
Because he was a famous scientist and geologist.
22- What did Lidenbrock notice when he looked at the book and the parchment?
He noticed the writing of the parchment was later than the writing of the book.
Complete the following:
1- A parchment is --------------------.
a piece of paper made of animal skin.
2- Runes are --------------------.
the letters of the old Icelandic alphabet.
3- When Axel’s parents died, he --------------------.
went to live with his uncle professor Lidenbrock.
4- At first, the professor thought that the parchment was written in --------------------
runes.
5- Martha was --------------------.
the professor’s cook
6- The old book that the professor found was --------------------.
a translation of a famous Icelandic book which was written by Snorri Sturlasson.
7- Professor Lidenbrock used a magnifying glass to --------------------.
make the letters bigger.
8- When --------------------, he came to live with his uncle professor Lidenbrock.
Axel’s parents died
9- Although the professor could read runes and Latin, --------------------.
he couldn’t understand the message on the parchment.
10- Martha was worried because --------------------.
professor Lidenbrock came home early and his dinner wasn’t ready yet.
11- The parchment was written by --------------------.
Arne Saknussemm (the owner of the book).
12- The parchment was written in --------------------.
a secret code. (Latin)
13- Professor Lidenbrock was so famous that --------------------.
scientists came from all over the world to learn from him.


Questions and answers
1- Who could break the secret code? How?
Axel could break the secret code by chance when he was sitting in front of the window, he saw some Latin words that he knew which meant the crater of the earth.
2- Why did Axel decide not to tell his uncle about the secret message?
Because he was sure that the professor would decide to travel to the centre of the earth and take Axel with him and this was a dangerous journey.

3- Why did Axel tell his uncle about the secret message at last?
Because he felt sorry about his uncle who didn't eat and sleep for two day and his face was white and his eyes red.
4- What was the secret message in the parchment?
It was that Arne Saknussemm went to the centre of the earth through the crater of Sneffels which the shadow of Scartaris touches at the end of June.
5- What did the professor decide to do when he knew the secret message?
He decided to go / make a journey to the centre of the earth.
6- What is Sneffels? à (What kind of volcanoes is Sneffels?)
It is an extinct volcano in Iceland which hasn't erupted since 1229. It was about 1500 metres high and has several craters only one leads to the centre of the earth.
7- What did Axel do to understand the message on the parchment?
He tried every combination of letters to make Latin words, but he couldn't get any words.
8- Why was Axel going to burn the parchment? Why didn’t he burn it?
To prevent (stop) his uncle to read the parchment and know the secret message. Because his uncle came (opened the door) suddenly.
9- Why did Axel think that making a journey to the centre of the earth was impossible?
Because it was very dangerous and he believed that the centre of the earth would be very hot.
10- What was Scartaris?
It was a huge mountain in Iceland that throws its shadow at the end of June over the crater of Sneffels which leads to the centre of the earth.
11-How did Axel and the professor feel about the journey to the centre of the earth?
Axel felt frightened but the professor felt excited.
12- Why did the professor think that Sneffels was extinct?
Because it hasn’t erupted since 1229.
13- What did the professor show Axel in the atlas?
He showed him the places which Arne Saknussemm wrote about in his parchment.
14- How was the professor before knowing the secret code?
He was very excited and angry. He decided not to eat or sleep.
15- What did the professor do when he knew the secret message?
He gave a cry of joy and jumped all books flew everywhere.
Complete the following:
1- Sneffels was --------------------.
an extinct volcano in Iceland.
2- Sneffels hasn’t erupted since the year --------------------.
1229
3- Sneffels had several craters, but only one --------------------.
leads to the centre of the earth.
4- Axel thought it is impossible to go to the centre of the earth because --------------------.
it is very hot.
5- Axel didn’t want to tell his uncle about the secret message, so --------------------.
he tried to burn the parchment.
6- To prevent his uncle from making such a dangerous journey, Axel was about ---------.
to burn the parchment.
7- Axel tried to burn the parchment to --------------------.
stop his uncle from making that dangerous journey.
8- Lidenbrock gave a cry of joy and jumped to his feet when --------------------.
Axel told him the secret message.
9- As soon as Axel told his uncle about the secret message, --------------------.
the professor decided to make a journey to the centre of the earth.
10- Sneffels wasn’t hot because --------------------.
it was extinct and it hadn’t erupted since 1229.
11- Scartaris cast its shadow --------------------.
over the crater which leads to the centre of the earth at the end of June.
12- Axel believed if Lidenbrock went down Sneffels, he --------------------.
wouldn’t come back again.
13- Axel could break the secret code by chance when --------------------.
he was fanning himself next to the window and saw some Latin words which he knew.
14- Axel felt sorry for his uncle, so --------------------.
he decided to tell him the secret message.




Questions and answers
1- Why did they travel to Copenhagen?
They travelled to Copenhagen to meet a Danish scientist who gave them letters of introduction to the most famous men in Iceland.
2- How was Dr Fridriksson helpful to the professor and Axel?
He arranged for a guide called Hans to take them to Sneffels.
3- Who was Dr Fridrikson?
He was a scientist from Iceland. The professor had a letter of introduction to him. He told the professor about Sneffels. He also brought أحضر Hans to be their guide.
4- What was Hans?
He was a guide from Iceland. He was a big man who moved slowly. He was calm and didn’t say much. He was helpful to the professor.
5- How were the Icelanders kind to the travelers?
They gave them shelter, the best food and drink and they refused to take any money.
6- What was the terrible dream that Axel saw?
He dreamed that he was inside a volcano, then he shot up out the volcano like a rocket.
7- Why was it hard to breathe on the top of Sneffels? (get higher and higher)
Because of the thin air.
8- Why couldn’t they know which chimney to enter?
Because there was no shadow to guide them as there was no sun / it was cloudy.
9- Why did Dr Fridrikson send Hans with the professor and Axel?
To be their guide to Sneffels. (to guide them to Sneffels)
10- What did the crater of Sneffels shape like? How was the crater of Sneffels?
It was like an ice cream cone, it was about 600 metres deep and one kilometer wide.
11- Why did the professor and Axel like Hans?
Because he was very helpful, calm and didn’t say very much.
12- Why did the professor shout when he was exploring the three chimneys?
Because he saw the name of Arne Saknussemm (carved) on a large rock.

13- How did they travel to Copenhagen / Iceland?
They traveled by steamer to Copenhagen then they sailed north to Iceland.
14- How did the Danish scientist help them?
He gave them letters of introduction to the most important men in Iceland.
15- How was professor Lidenbrock during their voyage to Iceland? Why?
He was seasick for most of the voyage. Because the sea was very rough.
16- How was the countryside of Iceland very strange?
The country side of Iceland was very bleak. There were no crops or animals there were only rocks everywhere.
17- How was their journey to Sneffels?
It was tiring as they had to walk over beds of lava and sharp volcanic rocks.
18- Why was Axel afraid of the journey?
He was afraid that Sneffels might not be an extinct volcano.
19- How did they descend the crater (chimney)?
They used ropes / by ropes.
20- How many chimneys were there down the crater?
There were three chimneys.
21- Which chimney leads to the centre of the earth?
The middle chimney on which the shadow fell before July.
22- What did the professor find on the rock near the chimneys?
He found some letters that spelled the name Arne Saknussemm.
23- Where did they camp on top of Sneffels?
At the edge of the crater.
24- When was the professor sure that Arne Saknussemm went to the centre of the earth?
When he saw his name (carved) on a rock near the chimneys.
28- Why was Axel afraid to go down into Sneffels?
He was afraid that it might erupt.
 Complete the following:
1- They prepared for the journey --------------------, -------------------- and --------------------.
guns, tools and scientific instruments.
2- They travelled to Copenhagen (Iceland) by --------------------.
3-The crater of Sneffels shaped like --------------------.
an ice cream cone
4-The Icelanders were kind people because --------------------.
they gave them shelter and the best food and drink and they refused to take any money
5- As they were climbing Sneffels higher and higher --------------------.
it was harder and harder to breathe because of the thin air
6- As the professor was exploring the three chimneys, he gave a shout because ---------.
he saw the name of Arne Saknessemm carved on a large rock.
7- The Danish scientist was helpful because --------------------.
He gave them letters of introduction to the most important men in Iceland.
8- Axel and the professor didn’t know where to go in Iceland, so --------------------.
they went to the house of Dr Fridrikson. / they arranged for guide (Axel) to help them.
9- The explorers hurt their legs because --------------------.
they walked over beds of lava and sharp volcanic rocks.
10- Axel was afraid of going down into Sneffels because --------------------.
he thought that it would explode / erupt.
11- They didn’t know which chimney to descend because --------------------.
there was no shadow to guide them / it was cloudy.
12- Going to the centre of the earth was a dangerous journey because --------------------.
it is very hot.
13- Professor Lidenbrock told Dr Fridrikson that he was interested in --------------------.
the geology of Iceland.
14- At the bottom of the crater there were / they found--------------------.
three chimneys and a large rock on it the name of Arne Saknussemm.



Questions and answers
1- What did Hans do to take their supplies down with them?
He put the tools and scientific instruments into a bag then tied the bag to a rope. He threw the rope down the chimney.
2- How did they descend down the chimney?
By ropes / using ropes, they descended carefully one by another.
3- How long did the clouds cover the sun?
It covered the sun for three days.
4- How could the three men find their way in the darkness?
By using a torch / using electric torch.
5- When did the characters know which chimney to enter?
On June 28th when they awoke to bright sunshine.
6- How was Hans helpful to the professor and Axel?
He guided them to Sneffels and helped them a lot during the journey.
7- Which chimney did the three men descend? How did they know it was the right one?
The middle chimney. It was the right one because the shadow of Scartaris fell on it.
8- What did the rocks in the chimney walls prove to the professor?
The centre of the Earth cannot be hot at all.
9- What did the professor say about the centre of the Earth?
It isn’t hot as most scientists think.
10- What was the professor doing while they were descending the craters?
He was examining the rocks.
11- Why was Axel excited about the frozen lava?
Because it was like walking through a box of jewels.
12- Why was their descent tiring?
Because the chimney was long and it was getting narrower, they put their legs on sharp rocks and there were loose rocks.
13- Why was it getting darker as they descended?
It was getting darker as the chimney was getting narrower.
14- Where did they sleep at night after descending?
They slept in a cave.
15- What was strange about the cave?
There was plenty of air blowing through it though there was only one opening.
16- How did the lava walls look when the ray of sunshine fell on them?
It sparkled like jewels.
17- Which of the two paths did they enter?
They entered the Eastern Path.
18- When did they reach the bottom of the chimney?
Nearly at midnight.
19- When did Axel begin to enjoy the journey?
When he saw the frozen lava sparking like jewels.
20- Why was Axel worried during the journey?
Because they had used half of their water and the volcano may erupt.
21- Where did Axel see the frozen lava?
In an underground passage.
22- What did Hans do to descend the chimney?
He tied a long rope to the edge of the chimney.
23- Which chimney did the three men have to discover to reach the centre of the earth?
The chimney which the shadow of Scartaris touches at the end of June.
Complete the following
1- The three men, Hans, Axel and the professor descended the chimney by ----------------.
ropes
2- They found their way in the darkness by --------------------.
a torch
3- They were tired and exhausted when they reached --------------------.
the bottom of the chimney.
4- At the bottom of the crater (chimney) there was --------------------.
three chimneys (hardly any light).
5- The clouds covered the sun for --------------------.
three days.

6- There was no shadow to guide them because --------------------.
it was cloudy for three days / the sun was covered by clouds.
7- As they were descending the chimney, it got --------------------.
darker and darker.
8- The walls of the rocks proved that --------------------.
the centre of the Earth isn’t hot.
9- The explorers knew the right chimney to enter after --------------------.
the sun shone and the shadow of Scartaris fell on the middle chimney.
10- To help them lower their supplies, Hans --------------------.
put them into a bag then tied the bag to a rope. He threw the rope down the chimney.
11- As they descended the chimney, it got --------------------.
narrower and darker.
12- While they were descending the chimney, the professor was --------------------.
examining the rocks.
13- Walking inside the passages of frozen lava was like --------------------.
walking inside a box of jewels.
14- Axel was worried about water, but the professor --------------------.
expected to find underground water/assured him that they would find underground water
15- The professor brought a strong electric torch to --------------------.
see in the darkness underground.
16- With the help of ropes, the three men --------------------.
could descend down the chimney.



Questions and answers
1- What made Axel feel worried about making the journey with his uncle?
He was afraid that the volcano may erupt and the lave pour.
2- What was the professor’s decision about the problem of water?
He decided to continue the journey until he finds underground spring in the Western path. If not, they would come back.
3- Why did Hans cry out in pain when the jet of water hit him?
Because the water was very strong and hot, almost boiling.
4- What did Hans do when the water hit him?
He cried out in pain.
5- How did Axel know that they had taken the wrong path?
Because he saw some plants and animals preserved in the rocks and he found a shell of an insect preserved in the rocks.
6- Why did Axel want his uncle to give up the journey?
Because they used up all of their water.
7- What happened to Axel after he had separated from Hans and the professor?
He broke the torch and came in a complete darkness then he ran against the rocks he cut himself and hit his head at the end he fainted.
8- What did the professor promise to do if they didn’t find water in the Western Path?
He promised to come back.
9- Why did the three men become tired quickly as they followed the Eastern Passage?
Because the passage was going up, not down.
10- What was preserved in the rocks that they saw in the Eastern Passage?
Plants, animals and insects.
11- Why did they go back to the crossroads?
Because they came to a blank wall. They took the wrong path.
12- How was Axel when they reached the crossroads again?
He was so tired and thirsty.

13- What did the professor say when Axel asked him to give up the journey?
He told Axel if they didn’t find water the next day, they would go back together.
14- What noise did they hear in the Western Passage?
They heard the noise of running water.
15- What did Hans do to get water?
He used his pickaxe to make a hole in the wall to get water.
16- What did Hans use to make a hole in the wall?
He used his pickaxe.
17- What did they do when the water cooled?
They drank and filled their bottles.
18- How did the water of the underground river taste?
It tasted better than any water they had ever tasted.
19- Why did they decide to leave the hole in the wall behind them?
Because the underground river would run beside them and guide them to the quickest way down.
20- Where did the Western Passage take the three men? How did they know?
It took them under the Atlantic Ocean. The professor calculated their position using his scientific instruments.
21- Every day the professor used his scientific instruments. Why?
To calculate their position.
22- Why did Axel feel pain in his ears?
Because of the increased air pressure.
23- What did the professor advise Axel to do when he felt pain in his ears?
He advised him to breathe quickly.
24- Why did the professor advise Axel to breathe quickly?
To relieve(يقلل) the air pressure.
25- How did Axel get lost?
He walked in front of Hans and his uncle and somewhere he took a wrong turning.
26- Why did Axel faint when he got lost? How did Axel fain?
He ran against the rocks in the darkness. He cut himself and hit his head then fainted.
27- What was the problem which made Axel think of going back?
They used up all their water.
28- Why did the professor give Axel the last drops of water?
Because he was so tired and thirsty.
29- Why was Axel in complete darkness at the end of chapter 5?
Because the torch broke.
30- What does finding a shell of an insect preserved in the rocks mean?
They took the wrong path.
Complete the following:
1- Axel felt pain in his ears because of --------------------.
the increased air pressure.
2- Hans made a large hole in the wall by using --------------------.
his pick axe
3- Hans made a hole in the wall to --------------------.
get water
4- It was difficult to walk through the passage because --------------------.
it was going up not down.
5- They decided to leave the hole of the water as it is to --------------------.
guide them
6- To show them the quickest way down, they --------------------.
left the hole in the wall as it was.
7- Lidenbrock, Axel and Hans had to go back to the crossroads because ------------------.
the Eastern Passage was a wrong one.
8- The professor promised to stop the journey if --------------------.
They didn’t find water in the western passage.
9- Axel wanted Hans to persuade the professor to --------------------.
give up the journey.
10- In the Western Passage the plants and animals were --------------------.
preserved in the rocks.
11- They became sure that they took the wrong path when --------------------.
They came to a blank wall.